Research Fraud: the Temptation to Lie — Most scientists and medical researchers behave ethically. However, in recent years, the number of high-profile scandals in which researchers have been exposed as having falsified their data raises the issue of how we should deal with research fraud. We need to start to look more deeply into who engages in research misconduct; why it happens; what the patterns of such behaviour are; how we can identify it; and how we can deter it.